Biography of W.E.B. Du Bois, Activist and Scholar

W.E.B. Du Bois (William Edward Burghardt; February 23, 1868–August 27, 1963) was a pivotal sociologist, historian, educator, and sociopolitical activist who argued for immediate racial equality for African-Americans. His emergence as a black leader paralleled the rise of the  Jim Crow laws of the South and the Progressive Era. He was a co-founder of the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) and has been called the Father of Social Science and the Father of Pan-Africanism. Fast Facts: W.E.B. Du Bois Known For:  Editor, writer, political activist for racial equality, co-founder of the NAACP, often called the Father of Social Science and the Father of Pan-AfricanismBorn:  February 23, 1868 in Great Barrington, MassachusettsParents: Alfred and Mary Silvina Du BoisDied:  August 27, 1963 in Accra, GhanaEducation: Fisk University, Harvard University (first African American to earn a doctorate degree from Harvard University)Published Works: The Philadelphia Negro,  The Souls of Black Folk, The Negro, The Gift of Black Folk,  Black Reconstruction,  The Color of Democracy, The CrisisAwards and Honors: Spingarn Medal, Lenin Peace Prize  Spouse(s): Nina Gomer, Lola Shirley Graham, JuniorChildren: Burghardt, Yolande, stepson, David Graham Du BoisNotable Quote: â€Å"Now is the accepted time, not tomorrow, not some more convenient season. It is today that our best work can be done and not some future day or future year. It is today that we fit ourselves for the greater usefuln ess of tomorrow. Today is the seed time, now are the hours of work, and tomorrow comes the harvest and the playtime.† Early Life and Education Du Bois was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, on February 23, 1868. The Du Bois family was one of the few black families living in the predominantly white town. In high school, Du Bois was already focussing on racial inequality. At age 15, he became the local correspondent for the  New York Globe  and gave lectures and wrote editorials, spreading his ideas that  black people needed to politicize themselves. Du Bois attended an integrated school where he excelled. Upon his graduation from high school, members of his community awarded Du Bois with a scholarship to attend Fisk University. While at Fisk, Du Bois experience of racism and poverty was markedly different from his life in Great Barrington. Du Bois, consequently, decided to dedicate his life to ending racism and uplifting black Americans. In 1888, Du Bois graduated from Fisk and was accepted to Harvard University where he earned a master’s degree, a doctorate, and a fellowship to study for two years at the University of Berlin in Germany. He was the first black American to earn a doctorate from Harvard University. Academic Teaching Career Du Bois followed his first teaching job at Wilberforce University with a fellowship at the University of Pennsylvania to conduct a research project in Philadelphia’s seventh ward slums. Researching racism as a  social system, he was determined to learn as much as he could in an attempt to find the â€Å"cure† for prejudice and discrimination. His investigation, statistical measurements, and  sociological interpretation  of this endeavor were published as  The Philadelphia Negro. This was the first time such a scientific approach to studying social phenomenon was undertaken, which is why Du Bois is often called the Father of Social Science. Du Bois next taught at Atlanta University, where he remained for 13 years. At Atlanta University, he  studied and wrote  about morality, urbanization, business and education, the church, and crime as it affected black society. His main goal was to encourage and help social reform. Opposition to Booker T. Washington Initially, Du Bois agreed with the philosophy of Booker T. Washington, the preeminent leader of African-Americans during the Progressive Era. Washingtons activism and life work were all aimed to help black Americans become skilled in industrial and vocational trades so they could open businesses, assimilate into American society as engaged citizens, and become self-reliant. Du Bois, however, came to greatly disagree with Washingtons incremental, compromising approach and he outlined his arguments in his collection of essays, The Souls of Black Folk, published in 1903. In these essays, Du Bois argued that white Americans needed to take responsibility for their contributions to the problem of racial inequality. He delineated the flaws he saw in Washington’s argument, but nevertheless, he also agreed that black Americans must take better advantage of educational opportunities to uplift their race as they simultaneously fought racism directly. In The Souls of Black Folk he elaborated on his concept of double-consciousness: It is a peculiar sensation, this double-consciousness, this sense of always looking at ones self through the eyes of others, of measuring ones soul by the tape of a world that looks on in amused contempt and pity. One ever feels his twoness—an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings; two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder. Organizing for Racial Equality In July 1905, Du Bois organized the Niagara Movement with William Monroe Trotter. Niagara Movement took a more militant approach to fighting racial inequality. Its chapters throughout the United States fought local acts of discrimination and the national organization published a newspaper, Voice of the Negro. The Niagara Movement dismantled in 1909 and Du Bois, along with several other members, joined with white Americans to establish the NAACP. Du Bois was appointed director of research. In 1910, he left Atlanta University to work full-time as the publications director at the NAACP, where he served as the editor of their magazine The Crisis from 1910 to 1934. In addition to urging black American readers to become socially and politically active, the hugely successful publication later showcased literature and visual art of the Harlem Renaissance. Break With the NAACP By the 1930s, the NAACP had become increasingly institutionalized while Du Bois had become more radical. Because of these differences with the NAACP, he left the magazine and organization in 1934 and returned to teaching at Atlanta University. Du Bois was one of a number of African American leaders investigated by the FBI, which claimed that in 1942 his writings indicated he was a socialist. At the time, Du Bois was chairman of the Peace Information Center and was one of the signers of the Stockholm Peace Pledge, which opposed the use of nuclear weapons. Racial Upliftment Throughout Du Bois’ career, he worked tirelessly to end racial inequality. Through his membership in the American Negro Academy, Du Bois developed the idea of the â€Å"Talented Tenth,† arguing that educated African-Americans could lead the fight for racial equality in the United States. Du Bois’ ideas about the importance of education would be present again during the Harlem Renaissance. During this flowering of black literary, visual, and musical art, Du Bois argued that racial equality could be gained through the arts. Using his influence during his time as editor of The Crisis, Du Bois promoted the work of many African-American visual artists and writers. Pan-Africanism Du Bois concern for racial equality was not limited to the United States. He was an activist for equality for people of African descent throughout the world. As a leader of the Pan-African movement, Du Bois organized conferences for the Pan-African Congress, including its first in 1919. Leaders from Africa and the Americas assembled to discuss racism and oppression—issues that people of African descent faced all over the world. In 1961, Du Bois moved to Ghana and renounced his U.S. citizenship. Death Over the course of his two years in Ghana, Du Bois health deteriorated. He died there on August 27, 1963, at age 95.  Du Bois was given a state funeral in Accra, Ghana. Legacy Du Bois was a central leader in the fight for racial upliftment and equality in the 20th century. In the world of academia, he is considered to be one of the founders of modern sociology. His body of work  inspired the creation of a critical journal of black politics, culture, and society called  Souls. His legacy is honored annually by  the American Sociological Association  with an award for a career of distinguished scholarship given in his name. Sources Appiah, Anthony, and Henry Louis Gates, editors. Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience. Oxford University Press, 2005  Du Bois, W.E.B. (William Edward Burghardt). Autobiography of W.E.B. DuBois: a soliloquy on viewing my life from the last decade of its first century. International Publishers, 1968.Lewis, David Levering. W.E.B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race 1868–1919. Henry Holt and Company, 1993

Violence Theory And Gender Role Theory - 942 Words

The violence that surrounds homes can be summarized in the culture of violence theory and gender-role theory. The culture of violence theory looks at the broad acceptance of violence in our society and concludes that its acceptance is the foundation for violence within the family. Gender-role theory blames the traditional socialization of children into gender roles. Domestic violence plays a huge part in which parent will have custody of minor children. The culture of violence that is presented tries to understand why and how violence is committed in the family. The culture of violence theory looks away from the violence in the house hold. Violence inside our homes is not to be questioned outside of the home. Police involvement was not a primary concern when dealing with an in house altercation. Violence is still occurring and over the last century or so we have started to really analyze what is happening in homes. Parents have been known to watch sibling’s fights and just consider it bonding or children being children. These actions are encouraging children to fight amongst themselves. Words are not always enough to end arguments. Words should be all you need to end an argument one answer should be more logical than another or a compromise should be able to be made. When words fail which happens a lot of history as all of the wars are recalled. Violence somehow changes viewpoints you either kill your enemy or forced them into believing your view points.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Theories of Causation of Crime and Its Solution 1250 Words   |  5 Pageshistory of criminal theory, spiritual and natural theories are taken as major theories of causation of crime. During medieval period, spiritual explanations were taken as punishment given by god for doing wrong things and any natural disasters like flood, fires, etc were evaluated as curse of high power. 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Teenagers Have Too Much Freedom free essay sample

Young people today have too much freedom. Do you think? Nowadays, many teenagers are spoiled; they are doing things which are unsuitable for their age. You may ask, why? Personally I think that some kids have too much freedom. Majority take the privilege for granted and doesn’t know how to control them. It’s a pity to see students in midnight wandering in streets smoking, when they are supposed to be sleeping at home. It is also sad to see youngsters taking drugs, when they are supposed to be studying. These cases happen a lot in our daily life; the young people make uses of their so called ‘freedom’ to do whatever they want irrepressibly. I say youngster’s parents are to blame, responsible for their offspring’s rampant acts. They allow their child to too much freedom and money, yet they don’t endow them any guidance. As a result, the young people who are undisciplined will misunderstand how to use freedom properly which leads to cases of youngsters smoking, taking drugs, committing crime, suicide and even promiscuity. We will write a custom essay sample on Teenagers Have Too Much Freedom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page All these will cast a big effect in the society which results in immorality. Sometimes, you can see students on the street associating with a gang of youths wasting their precious time, smoking and saying swear words; you may even see teenagers in discos dancing, taking drugs and having alcohol. The worst is to read news of promiscuity about youngsters having sex for gratification and stimulation. These are all results of exploiting and misusing freedom. In addition, parental guidance and care are neglected. To conclude, I strongly agree that young people nowadays have too much freedom. Due to the lack of experts’ guidance and care, those undisciplined teenagers have no clue about what and how freedom has its limits or how it should be consumed. Freedom is life, but not when you abuse the privilege.

Affidavit Of Unauthorized Use free essay sample

Affidavit of unauthorized activity Except as may be provided below, I, , did not authorize any person other than myself to use my name or personal information to obtain access to or perform transactions in the above-referenced Shareholder account (the Account). I did not authorize the following transactions in my Account: Date of Transaction Description of Transaction (purchase, sale, transfer, etc. ) Stock Symbol Number of Shares Dollar Amount Additional transaction details may be listed on a separate sheet and attached. This area reserved for office use.Page 2 of 4 Additional information Please check Yes or No to the below questions and provide any additional information needed: I have filed a police report: Yes If yes: No I have filed a police report with the law enforcement agency named below: Report Number: Police Department Address: Address Line 1 Address Line 2 Associative Officer Name: Badge Number: If charges are brought against the person(s) who has committed this fraud, I am willing to cooperate fully with law enforcement officials, including assisting in prosecution and authorizing the release of information. We will write a custom essay sample on Affidavit Of Unauthorized Use or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I am aware that my computer has been infected with mallard (viruses, Trojan, etc). The following is a list of mallard I know my computer to be infected with: Additional information may be listed on a separate sheet and attached. Please check l agree or l disagree to the below: I did not receive any money, goods, or services nor did I benefit in any other way as a result of these unauthorized transactions. I agree with the above I disagree with the above I did not knowingly share with any other person my Shareholder surname, logon ID, password, or other related confidential information.

Tess of the DUrbervilles the role of Chance Essays

Tess of the DUrbervilles the role of Chance Essays Tess of the DUrbervilles the role of Chance Paper Tess of the DUrbervilles the role of Chance Paper Essay Topic: Literature Thomas Hardy professed himself disillusioned with the idealised traditional Victorian denouement or regulation finish, which he described as indescribably unreal and meretricious. His distaste for such unrealistically happy endings is obvious in Tess fate, which he retained despite the fact that he received letters from readers imploring him not to let her die. Her death was the natural and, in one way, the more satisfying ending. It is therefore somewhat jarring to find in the work of one who was so vehement in his wish that Tess should be Faithfully Presented to find irregularities in the flow of events which impede the smooth consistency of the plot and characters. Most strikingly, throughout the book are incidents of the failure of characters to perform the right action or make the right decision, in a situation in which it may have greatly reduced their suffering and resulted in a naturally happy ending. For example, after Tess confession and Angels rejection of her, Hardy repeatedly refers to the fact that if she had been a woman of the world [she] might have conquered him by exploiting the back current of sympathy which remained in Angel (Ch XXXVI); If [she] had been artful he would not have withstood her (Ch XXXVII). However, she does not see this she accepts his rejection. If Tess had suggested that no one could know or care about her misfortunes or reproach the couple for them, Angel would have had to admit the thought arose in [his] own mind. From Angels departure to his return, Tess manages to retain her devotion to him despite his treatment of her, the hardships she endures in his absence, his lack of communication and the torment of Alec DUrbervilles pursuit. She shows an incredible persistence and largeness of spirit in resisting the temptation to surrender her hopes of her husband recalling her. But eventually, driven by concern for her family, a desire to be their Providence, she crumbles just days before Angel finds her. The coincidence of times and the tragedy of the narrowness of the interval is unrealistic and even cliche. Existing merely to heighten the suspence and tragedy. Many of the unreasonable jumps and coincidences in Tess serve to hurt the heroine and emphasise her position as a victim both of society and a cruel fate. This may be a deliberate device on the part of the author, who was an admirer of Tess, to invite the sympathy of contemporary readers who may have been disturbed by her sexual encounter with Alec early in the novel, and who needed reassuring that Tess was in fact A Pure Woman, and the victim of unfortunate events rather than their instigator. Tess purity, so emphasised, and her automatic tendency to find sweet pleasure somewhere even after the hardest setbacks may also seem implausible, but Tess is a complex personality characterised by duality her split nature being seen in her division between peasantry and middle class, her illustrious name and low origins, her two dialects and the mysterious maiden/harlot contradiction on the edge of her nature. Tess has enough spirit to defend herself against the Queen of Spades and determinedly take her leave of Alec, and even when she submits to Angel Clares judgement she attempts to defend herself a little. Tess stands as a symbol of the split between to two worlds of traditional agriculture and progressive industry and also between those of traditional rural culture and the more refined and educated class. Hardys main implausibilities lie way in which the fate which the President of the Immortals has in store for her seems inevitable when viewed with hindsight and is facilitated by so many acts of Chance. Chance governs Tess fate. In the first chapter, Parson Tringham describes how his researches into the DUrberville/Darbeyfield link had been instigated by a casual sighting of the higglers cart and been led to make inquiries. Without this fairly vital chanced happening, unless the parson had been inspired some other way, it is doubtful that any of the events that followed would have occurred. The Durbeyfields discovery of the illustrious link gives them the idea of contacting the Stoke-DUrbervilles and it is hinted marry some noble gentleman. Although she at first refuses to countenance this, such thoughts lead Tess to drift off and neglect the cart which should have been driven by her father, but for the fact that he was rendered incapable by the ale he had consumed in celebration of his newfound aristocracy. By Chance, the lantern also goes out as a mail-cart is speeding down the road, causing the death of Prince. The fact that she regarded herself in the light of a murderess (Ch V) over the horses death and the familys loss of income is the only reason Tess acquiesces to be sent to visit Mrs DUrberville at the Chase, the site of her ruin. It is clear then that Chance played the major role in conducting Tess to the Chase. But later, Chance was also the pivotal player in the collapse of her marriage to Angel particularly, the fact that she could not tell him her trouble before the marriage. He even supposes that if only she had told him them he would still have loved and married her. However, despite her efforts, Chance prevented her from confessing her secret during their days at Talbothays. When she tried to tell him outright, he inadvertently made it very difficult for her. When she wrote him a letter containing the story, by an extraordinarily unfortunate circumstance, it slipped under the carpet and he did not see it. When Tess has finally used her allowance from Angel, while working at Flintcombe Ash, she travels to Emminster, intending to ask the Clares for help something that requires great courage of she who is proud and does not want to beg, as well as ashamed to admit the seperation between she and Clare. By Chance, the family is with the congregation when she arrives, and she is forced to the way she came and lurk in the bushes where it chances that she overhears to conversation between the Clare brothers and Mercy, which completely destroys her confidence and prevents her from returning to the Clares house. She is left in a very financially frightening position. Finally, it is all due to Chance that she happens upon the preaching of none other than Alec DUrberville, so many years after she departed Trantridge. It is also a coincidence that he has been converted by Angels father, and has fallen in with the sign-painter with whom Tess travelled. This chance meeting rekindles his lust for her, and is the direct cause of the renewed pursuit. Although she resists him for a long time, with the death of her father and the eviction of the family she finally feels it is her duty to support them by surrendering to Alec. The tragic coincidence of Angels arrival so soon after she has given up hope causes her to become bitter, even driving her slightly mad, and she kills Alec in her distraction. There is a sense of inevitability about the remaining chapters she has sooner or later to be hunted down by the authorities, and her seeming desire for death aids her capture. Chance is one of the most common plot devices in Tess, and coincidences and chance happenings abound to a frustrating degree, especially when they increase Tess anguish needlessly. However, a novel cannot be expected to adhere to the pattern of real life, howeber Faithfully Presented coincidences are natural to hold the plot together and prompt dramatic events. The tragedy of the sum of unfortunate circumstances which lead to Tess downfall are poignant because of the attachment one forms with Tess, but Tess of the DUrbervilles is a tragic novel, most of its drama relying on the imminence of suffering in her short life.

Is Employer of Choice brand is self-applied Essay

Is Employer of Choice brand is self-applied - Essay Example Organizations should consider the hiring process as the first hurdle. The greatest challenge that awaits every employer is to retain employees. This way an organization will be able to hire smart, and retain the best (Leary-Joyce, 2004). There are several steps which can be put in place by an employer in order to become an employer of choice. Every employee wants to be in an environment that is conducive where rules are well defined. Hence, an employer has to create and maintain a policy structure which is comprehensive by investing time and resources. Clear policies that helps in defining employees conduct, entitlement and obligations is desirable as compared to a situation where decisions affecting employees are made in an unplanned way. Employers of choice need to follow their own rules, most employees prefer an employer, who observes rules in a consistent manner, and makes decisions in an unbiased and principled way. Valuable employees can leave an organization due to decisions t hat are considered to be inconsistent and when they perceive their employer to be unfair. Secondly, an employer of choice has to have trust on the employees. For one to be an employer of choice, one has to portray trust and faith among the employees.

Discuss the Hong Kyongnae Uprising of 1812. What were the main causes Coursework

Discuss the Hong Kyongnae Uprising of 1812. What were the main causes and how did leaders rally support for their cause - Coursework Example The major causes of this revolt, which rocked PyÃ… ngan, the Northern Province, included regional bigotry and poor harvests (Buswell, 2006). The province of PyÃ… ngan was neglected by the central government, causing a dire regional inequality with other areas. The disgruntlement with socioeconomic inflexibility combined with debauched irregularity and corrupt leadership instigated people to gang up the inept dominion. The provincial tax frauds triggered the Chinju insurrection, which was masterminded by learned individuals who resorted to defend the interest of the public against corrupt officials. The people who supported the rebellion were those who were fed up with the corruption in the government (Fuqua, 2011). They had a common goal of deposing leadership that was an epitome of moral decadence, with public officials engaging in various corrupt deals and committing various atrocities without shame. As such, they managed to sway a large number of people to fight for a common int erest of establishing a responsible government. Following this serious revolt, many people from the countryside flocked Chinju nabbing the armed forces commander and assassinating the